Pathology Course 1 Year

Pathology Course 1 Year
Admission Fee Tk 13500,
Monthly Tuition Fee Tk 3500,
Semester Exam Fee Tk 3500,
Total Course Fee: Tk 62500.
Total Subject 10, Total Exam Marks 1000.

Pathology for Medical Practice

A CBC (Complete Blood Count) test is a common blood test that measures various components of your blood, including red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC), and platelets. It can be used to assess overall health, diagnose conditions like anemia and infections, and monitor treatment response. Hemoglobin (Hb) is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen, and its level is a key part of the CBC. A CBC with differential (DC) includes a count of different types of white blood cells. ESR (Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate) is a test that measures the rate at which red blood cells settle in a tube, indicating inflammation.

Key Components of the Tests:

Complete Blood Count (CBC):
- Red Blood Cells (RBC): Carry oxygen.
- White Blood Cells (WBC): Fight infection.
- Platelets: Help with blood clotting.
Hemoglobin (Hb): A protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen.
Total Count (TC): Usually refers to the total blood cell count. RBC, WBC, and platelets.
Differential Count (DC): Measures the percentages and absolute numbers of different types of white blood cells (neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils).
ESR (Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate): Measures the rate at which red blood cells settle in a tube, indicating inflammation.

What These Tests Can Help Diagnose:

Anemia: A deficiency in red blood cells or hemoglobin, often indicated by low Hb levels.
Infections: Elevated WBC counts can suggest an infection.
Inflammation: ESR levels can help assess inflammation in the body.
Blood Cancers: CBC can help detect certain blood cancers like leukemia.
Other conditions: CBC can also be used to monitor other conditions that affect blood cell counts, such as immune system disorders.

Why These Tests are Performed:

Routine Checkups: Doctors often order CBCs as part of a general health assessment.
Diagnosing Illnesses: These tests help diagnose various conditions, including anemia, infections, and inflammation.
Monitoring Treatment: They help track how the body responds to treatments for conditions that affect blood cell counts.

Clinical Pathology

A total cell count, often part of a Complete Blood Count (CBC), is a laboratory procedure that measures the number of different types of cells in a blood sample. This test helps assess overall health and diagnose various conditions, including infections, anemias, and blood disorders. A healthcare professional typically draws blood from a vein, usually in the arm, and the sample is then analyzed in a laboratory.

Laboratory Procedure:

1. Blood Collection:

A healthcare professional, such as a nurse or technician, will draw a blood sample from a vein, typically in the arm, using a needle and a collection tube.
2. Sample Handling:

The collected blood is placed in a tube containing an anticoagulant to prevent clotting.
3. Laboratory Analysis:

The sample is then sent to a laboratory for analysis, where it may be processed using automated machines or manual microscopic methods.
4. Automated Analysis:

Modern laboratories often use automated hematology analyzers, which can quickly count and differentiate various blood cell types.
5. Manual Microscopy:

In some cases, especially for specific cell identification or quality control, a laboratory technician might examine a blood smear under a microscope.
6. Results:

The results of the total cell count, including the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, are reported, along with other parameters like hemoglobin and hematocrit.
7. Interpretation:

The results are interpreted by a healthcare professional to assess the patient's health status and determine if further investigation is needed.

Components of a Total Cell Count (CBC):

Red Blood Cell Count (RBC):

Measures the number of red blood cells, which carry oxygen throughout the body.
White Blood Cell Count (WBC):

Measures the number of white blood cells, which are part of the immune system and fight infection.
Platelet Count:

Measures the number of platelets, which help in blood clotting.
Hemoglobin:

Measures the amount of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen.
Hematocrit:

Measures the percentage of blood volume that is made up of red blood cells.
Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV):

Measures the average size of red blood cells, which can help diagnose anemia.

Clinical Significance:

Diagnosis: Helps in diagnosing various conditions like anemia, infections, inflammation, and blood disorders.
Monitoring: Used to monitor the progression of existing blood disorders or the effects of treatments like chemotherapy or radiation therapy.
Overall Health: Provides valuable information about a person's overall health status.

Pathology Course 1 Year